Kemalism (Turkish: Kemalizm, also archaically Kamâlizm) [2 ] or Atatürkism (Atatürkçülük) is a political ideology based on the ideas of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and first president of the Republic of Türkiye. [3 ] [4 ] Its symbol…
20. 3. 2023Od období takzvaného arabského jara, které coby mohutná vlna zachvátila Blízký východ, uplynulo už dvanáct let. Na první pohled přineslo hodně změn, ale až do současnosti jich mnoho nezůstalo.
Kemal Atatürk - Nationalist, Independence, Reforms: The Allies did not wait for a peace treaty to begin claiming Ottoman territory. Early in December 1918, Allied troops occupied sections of Istanbul and set up an Allied military…
Kemal Ataturk, soldier, statesman, and reformer who was the founder and first president (1923–38) of the Republic of Turkey. He modernized the country’s legal and educational systems and encouraged the adoption of a European way of life…
Why was Kemal Atatürk important?Kemal Atatürk was founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey, having galvanized the Turkish people after the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I. He implemented an ambitious program of modernization and broadly transformed the legal and social systems of Turkish life.How was Kemal Atatürk educated?Kemal Atatürk’s father, a local lieutenant in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, dedicated him to military service and sent him to a modern secular school (rather than a religious school). Atatürk attended a military school for his secondary education and afterward entered the War College in Constantinople, followed by the General Staff College.How did Kemal Atatürk come to power?Kemal Atatürk became a national hero after turning back the Allies at Gallipoli during World War I. Still, the Ottomans were defeated. To prevent partition of Anatolia, he led a rebellion against the sultanate. In 1923 the sovereignty of the Turkish Republic was internationally recognized with the Treaty of Lausanne. Atatürk became its first president.
Kniha Kemalism as a Fixed Variable in the Republic of Turkey z druhé ruky. Na Knihobotu seženete bestsellery, klasiku i raritky, které jinde nenajdete.
Kemal Kiliçdaroglu (* 17. prosince 1948 Ballıca v provincii Tunceli) je turecký politik, od roku 2010 předseda Republikánské lidové strany a tím zároveň vůdce opozice.